A Fungus Or Funguses Is A Member Of A Large Group Of Eukaryotic Organisms That Includes Microorganisms Such As Yeasts And Molds (British English: Moulds), As Well As The More Familiar Mushrooms. These Organisms Are Classified As A Kingdom, Fungi, Which Is Separate From Plants, Animals, And Bacteria. One Major Difference Is That Fungal Cells Have Cell Walls That Contain Chitin, Unlike The Cell Walls Of Plants, Which Contain Cellulose. These And Other Differences Show That The Fungi Form A Single Group Of Related Organisms, Named The Eumycota (True Fungi Or Eumycetes), That Share A Common Ancestor (A Monophyletic Group). This Fungal Group Is Distinct From The Structurally Similar Myxomycetes (Slime Molds) And Oomycetes (Water Molds).
Literature Review
The Branch Of Biology Concerning The Fungi Is Called Mycology. Generally, The Edible Kinds Of Fungi Are Loved By People, Because Besides Being Delicious, They Have The High Content Of Nutrient, And Are Good For Health. An Example Is Oyster Fungus That Can Reduce The Cholesterol Content In Blood. Fungi Greatly Vary From Yeast For Making The Dough Of Bread, Mould Of Tempeh, Until The Fungi With Many Various Forms And Colors. In Indonesia, Fungi Are Grouped, Although Only Certain Kinds Are Popular. Indonesia Is Tropical Region Having Thousands Of Kinds Of Fungi. Presently, More Than 70,000 Kinds Of Fungi Among 100,000-250,000 Existing In The World Have Been Listed. Most Of Fungi Are Estimated To Grow In Forests And Other Ecosystem In Indonesia. The General Characteristics Of Organisms Classified Into The Fungi Are As Follows : 1. Have No Chlorophyll, So They Can’t Do Photosynthesis 2. Heterotrophic, That Is Cant Make Food By Themselves, So The Food Comes From Other Organisms 3. Their Cell Have The Nucleic Membrane, So That Eukaryotic 4. Their Life Is Saprophytic, Parasitic, Or Symbiotic 5. Have A Cell Wall Consisting Of Chitin And Cellulose 6. The Body Of Unicellular Fungus Only Consist Of One Cell 7. Their Reproduction Is Asexual And Sexual 8. Fungi Live In Damp Place Containing Organic Substances, A Little Acid, And Lacking Sunshine. Material And Methods Tools And Materials : 1. Moldy Bread 2. Dropping Pipette 3. Object Glass 4. Cover Glass 5. Microscope 6. Toothpick Methods : 1. Take The Fungi From The Moldy Bread With The Toothpick 2. Take A Little Water From The Dropping Pipette And Then Drop One Drop In The Center Of The Object Glass 3. After That Close It With The Cover Glass 4. Put That Object Glass (Specimen) On The Object Table On Microscope 5. Check, If There Is Fungi That Appear. 6. After That, Draw/ Take Some Picture By The Camera, That You Succeed In Observing. Result This Is The Result From Our Observation.
Discussion:
1. Where Are The Origins Of Most Of The Fungi Which Have Been Identified ?
Indonesia, Because More Than 70,000 Kinds Of Fungi Existing In Indonesia.
2. What Kind Of Wood Is Mostly Eaten By Fungus ?
The Wood That Is Wet, Damp, And Rotten.
3. Where The Fungus With Fruiting Body Like
An Umbrella Grow Well Fungus With Fruiting Body Like An Umbrella Grow Well On Media That Is A Source Of Cellulose, For Example, In The Straw Pile, Near The Rice Mill Waste, Waste Paper Mill, Pulp Palm Trunks, Oil Palm Waste, Sago Pulp, Waste Cotton, Fruit Peel, Nutmeg, And So On.
4. Are There Any Differences Of Habitats Between The Fungi Which Have The Fruiting Body Like An Umbrella And The Plate-Shaped Fungi?
There Is No Different Between Them, Because They Are Included Into The Same Phylum, Which Is Basidimycote Phylum.
5. Explain The Functional Relation Of Fungi In The Elements Circulation! The Function Of Fungi In The Elements Circulation Is Same As The Decomposer In An Ecosystem. The Die Organism Can Be Decomposed By Bacteria And Fungi Into Inorganic Substance. The Inorganic Substance Are Required By Green Plants (Producers), Cassava Or Glutinous Rice Which Is Made In To “Tape” (Fermented Cassava/Rice) By Yeast (Fungi) Into Sugar, Producing Co2 Gas, That In This Nature Required To Photosynthesis By Green Plants. Conclusion: So, Fungi Are So Useful And Also Harmful For Human.
Fungi Have Their General Characteristics, Such As :
1. Have No Chlorophyll, So They Can’t Do Photosynthesis
2. Heterotrophic, That Is Cant Make Food By Themselves, So The Food Comes From Other Organisms
3. Their Cell Have The Nucleic Membrane, So That Eukaryotic
4. Their Life Is Saprophytic, Parasitic, Or Symbiotic
5. Have A Cell Wall Consisting Of Chitin And Cellulose
6. The Body Of Unicellular Fungus Only Consist Of One Cell
7. Their Reproduction Is Asexual And Sexual
8. Fungi Live In Damp Place Containing Organic Substances, A Little Acid, And Lacking Sunshine. Fungi Also Live With Be The Saprophyte, Can Be Parasites, Also Can Do Mutualists (Symbiont) With The Other Organism, Such As Plant.
Reference : Http://Leavingbio.Net/Fungus/Fungi2.Htm Http://En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/Fungus Http://Masteropik.Blogspot.Com/2010/05/Klasifikasi-Jamur.Html Nunung Nurhayati. 2009. Biology Bilingual Untuk Sma/Ma Kelas X Semester 1 Dan 2
